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The content of aroma active compounds in sweets
Maňáková, Adriena ; Vespalcová, Milena (referee) ; Vítová, Eva (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the assessment of aroma active compounds in non-chocolate confectionery. In the theoretical part the production technology of non-chocolate confectionery from raw materials to final product is described. Furthermore, aroma active substances, including potentially allergenic, are characterized, and the method for their determination by solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry is briefly described. The aim of the experimental part was identification of volatile substances and subsequent quantification of 24 potentially allergenic aroma substances by the HS-SPME-GC/MS method. Gummy candies, purchased in the regular market, were used as model samples. The differences in the number and type of volatile compounds were found between the samples. Overall 230 volatile compounds were indetified including 8 allergens. These were composed of 55 alcohols, 68 esters, 29 alkenes, 18 aldehydes, 25 ketones, 2 ethers, 3 epoxides, 9 carboxylic acids and 21 other compounds.
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Analysis of aroma compounds in cosmetics by gas chromatography
Divišová, Radka ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Zemanová, Jana (advisor)
This thesis is focused on aroma compounds which are presented in a wide variety of products including perfume, cologne, cosmetics, toiletries, laundry products and detergens. The widespread use and exposure to aroma compounds of aforementioned products could cause a range of the adverse reactions such as contact dermatitis, asthma, eczema and breathing problems. There are a lot of aroma compounds triggering negative allergic reactions but EU regulations limit 26 the most important fragrance allergens. The presence of these substances has to be declared on the product label if a limit of 0,01 % for rinse off and 0,001 % for leave-on products is exceeded. Of these 26 substances, a methodology was elaborated for determination of 12 allergens in a experimental part of this thesis. A method by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) was applied for fragrance allergens identification, extraction and measurement. The optimal extraction conditions of SPME-GC method were investigated including equilibrium time, extraction time and extraction temperature to increase extraction efficiency. Another important point is the method by SPME-GC-FID was validated and following performance parameters were determined: repeatability, linearity, limit of detection (LOD) limit of quantitation (LOQ). SPME-GC-FID was tested and applied to real samples.
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Determination of alergenic and potential alergenic metals in cosmetics
Krakovková, Lenka ; Zemanová, Jana (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of the diploma thesis was to provide an overview of the prevalence of allergenic and potentially allergenic metals in eye shadows. The diploma thesis gives an overview of the legislation on cosmetics and description of the types of allergenic reactions caused by allergenic and potential allergenic metals in eye shadows. Listed below are the preparation methods of the samples for analysis and the list of the methods by which can the selected metals be analyzed. The experimental part of the diploma thesis deals with an analysis of selected allergenic and potentially allergenic metals in eye shadows. In the experimental part of diploma thesis method of sample preparation for analysis of eye shadows and a method of analysis of sample of eye shadows by ICP-MS have been optimized. Monitored analytes were selected metals. Altogether 6 samples of eye shadows from different manufacturers were chosen. Measured results have been statistically processed, confronted with the applicable legislation and assessed in terms of possible allergic reactions.
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Anaphylactic shock in prehospital emergency care
DLOUHÁ, Andrea
The bachelor thesis is elaborated on the topic "Anaphylactic shock in pre-hospital emergency care" and consists of two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part aims to acquaint the reader with the finding of professional sources on the topic of pre-hospital emergency care and anaphylactic shock. It also includes basic information about allergies and immune system function. In anaphylactic shock, it is first defined what the condition is and what shock means in general. Furthermore, the data are focused on pathophysiology - what pathological processes take place in this state in the organism, etiology - causes of reaction, clinical picture - manifestations on individual organ systems, and therapy of anaphylactic shock. The second, practical, part presents the information that was obtained through semi-structured interviews. The interview consisted of 19 questions and the research group consisted of 14 paramedics who worked in the regional centers of the Emergency Medical Service of the South Bohemian Region. The results of the research were analyzed, divided into 8 categories, and broken down into tables. The practical part included two objectives: 1. To map the knowledge of paramedics in the field of anaphylactic shock and 2. To map the progress of paramedics in the RZP crew in a patient with anaphylactic shock. We believe that the set goals have been met and thanks to this it will be possible to evaluate the sufficiency of knowledge of this issue and to look into the procedures that paramedics apply when they encounter a patient in anaphylactic shock in pre-hospital emergency care.
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Zařazování nemléčných příkrmů do výživy kojenců
VRBASOVÁ, Tereza
The inclusion of non-dairy foods into the infants nutrition is very important period. The infant now needs all the nutritions in the most optional proportion. The inclusion of individuals foodstuffs into the nutritions small children has some rules. Allergenic foodstuffs needs to be classified gradually and with the caution. It's recommended to introduce alergens as soon as possible, later introduction may lead to a higher risk of allergic reaction. The inclusion of foodstuffs or allergens in the child's diet is always advesible to consult with the doctor.
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Alergens in the Teaching of Natural Science, Biology and Chemistry
Kaufmanová, Lucie ; Skýbová, Jana (advisor) ; Pavlasová, Lenka (referee)
The theme of the diploma thesis is allergens in the teaching of natural science, biology and chemistry. The subject and its aim is to find out the presence of allergens in selected classes of natural sciences (natural sciences, biology, chemistry) as well as the level of awareness of problems of allergies and allergens from teachers and pupils of elementary schools and grammar schools and to compare whether teachers of selected subjects take into account Creating climate climate for allergic pupils. The thesis consists of theoretical and practical part. The first part summarizes all theoretical knowledge, including the theme of allergies and allergens. It deals with the concept of allergy from the historical point of view, it characterizes the general importance of allergies and its connection with the immune system, it presents individual risk factors influencing the origin and development of allergic disease. A large part of the theoretical part describes allergic diseases including their manifestations, diagnosis and follow-up treatment, and also the individual types of allergens that are classified according to their effects on the organism. Last but not least, the chapter deals with the presence of allergens in the school environment. Also in this part the pedagogical documents - RVP and ŠVP...
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Comparison of cytokine production by leukocytes from newborns of healthy and allergic mothers
Dusilová, Adéla ; Hrdý, Jiří (advisor) ; Janatková, Ivana (referee)
The increasing incidence of children suffering from allergic diseases could be caused by sensitization of immature immune system during the intrauterine development. Several important scientific papers have demonstrated the ability of cord blood cells to respond by elevated proliferation activity after stimulation by common allergens. Following these findings, present study follows the production of cytokines which play a role in the pro- and anti-allergenic tuning of the immune system. Umbilical cord blood cells were stimulated with polyclonal activators (phytohaemagglutinin) and common allergens (ovalbumin, timothy grass, birch, mite). Subsequently, cytokine production was monitored using selected methods that reflect different stages of cell activation - at the level of mRNA by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR), by flow cytometry detection of the presence of intracellular cytokines in different cell subpopulations and by ELISA measurement of cytokines in CBMC culture supernatants. The results obtained point to a very weak ability of these common allergens (timothy grass, birch, mite, ovalbumin) to stimulate CBMC to produce cytokines observed by all of these methodological procedures. Although we did not observe significant differences in CBMC cytokine production (IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12,...
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The Allergen Labeling in Food Products
Hrubová, Petra ; Dlouhý, Pavel (advisor) ; Hrnčířová, Dana (referee)
This bachelor's thesis named "The Allergen labeling in Food products" focuses on the topic of food allergies. In the theoretical part there are described the food allergens that are subjected to a mandatory labeling by Czech law. There are also stated the possibilities of allergen labeling of packaged or non-packaged foodstuffs and meals. It explores the aspect of each allergen and its effects on the health of sensitive people. The practical part is based on the laboratory analysis results of several meals that were sampled in different types of dining facilities. It shows to what extent the mandatory allergen labeling is fulfilled and whether it is correct. It was observed the information about food allergens was given, though it was often not complete, and some meals did contain an allergen that was not declared to the customer. This observation is corresponding to a similar investigation done by the Public Health Office in Vysočina district in Jihlava.
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Allergens in the work enviroment
VANĚČEK, Marcel
The thesis with the topic allergens in the work environment is divided into two parts. In the theoretical part is described the problematic of allergic diseases, allergens and workplace safety from general viewpoint, the practical part deals with the problematic of allergic diseases incurred by causes directly linked with work environment and is displayed using gathered data. The thesis is made as a secondary data analysis of occupational allergic diseases by profession as are exogenous allergic alveolitis, allergic rhinitis, asthma bronchiale, allergic contact dermatitis. The data were provided by National Institute of Public Health in Prague. The content of data was reported occupational diseases from the whole Czech Republic especially from the South Bohemia and the Pilsen regions, diagnoses of diseases and industries from which were those diseases reported. The data were from years 2010 to 2018. This thesis is focused on the analysis of gathered data. The main objective of the thesis is to find out, in which direction is the trend of occupational allergic diseases in the Czech Republic, mostly in two researched regions going, which allergic diseases occurred most often, from which industries were those diseases reported the most and from which industries and in which ratio were reported researched occupational diseases.
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